Tackling embodied carbon
Embodied carbon in the goods and services we buy accounts for around half of our carbon footprint. To meet our net zero goals, it is essential to work with suppliers and the wider industry to tackle embodied carbon.
We are developing our decarbonisation roadmaps for key materials such as bricks and concrete, and engaging our supply base on tackling embodied carbon. We established an internal materials decarbonisation working group in 2024 to help lead this work. We are in the process of calculating the embodied carbon for a sample of our standard house types to help inform future decision-making on materials use and supplier engagement.
To help us identify opportunities for improvement we are asking suppliers to provide Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). These are based on life cycle assessments and include quantification of embodied carbon. However, EPDs are not yet available for all products. During 2024, one focus area has been pre-cast concrete. We integrated sustainability requirements into our tender process, and used EPDs and discussions with potential suppliers to understand the relative carbon impact of different products.
We have also been exploring the potential use of eco bricks and other brick slip systems that can reduce materials use and transport emissions. We are increasing our use of concrete bricks which can have lower embodied carbon than traditional bricks due to not being kiln fired and have introduced a new roof tile range that has 25% lower embodied carbon than alternative products. We are also reviewing the use of block types with a higher air content which can reduce materials use and embodied carbon and can offer better thermal insulation.
Timber frame
Timber frame can reduce embodied carbon in materials by around 15% compared with traditional ‘brick and block’ building techniques.
We’ve established our own timber frame manufacturing facility which delivered its first kits to our sites in 2024. In combination with our existing suppliers, our own facility will help us in our goal to increase timber frame usage to 30% of our completions by 2030 (2024: 16%). The facility is expected to produce around 3,000 kits per year at full capacity.
Our factory building has a BREEAM Excellent rating and Taylor Wimpey Manufacturing has achieved certification to the ISO 9001 quality management standard and the Structural Timber Frame Association Gold Assure standard. Responsible timber sourcing requirements are integrated into supplier contracts and the facility has achieved certification by PEFC.
Going forward, we will be exploring opportunities to develop our timber frame systems to further reduce materials use and embodied carbon and to reduce and reuse wood waste from off-cuts.